With an area of approximately 360,000 square kilometers (ca. 139,000 square miles), unified Germany is one Europe’s largest states in terms of territory; with around 83 million inhabitants (as of 2023), it is also the continent’s most populous country. On this map, Bonn is still shown as the capital. Since 1991, however, Berlin has served as the capital of the Federal Republic – a change made in accordance with a Bundestag decision and gradually implemented over the following years. The official transfer of government offices occurred in 1999. Nevertheless, some departments of important ministries (e.g. part of the Ministry of Defense), state offices, and science, research, and communication operations still remain in Bonn today.