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/Goldstein: Those were the first minutes of the trial against Adolf
Eichmann, which began at 9 o'clock this morning here in Jerusalem.
Finally, at 9 o'clock, Adolf Eichmann was led into the courtroom, and
after he had taken his seat in his glass box, accompanied by three
policemen guarding him, the High Court entered. At its head was Moshe
Landau, judge of the Supreme Court. A man who was born in Gdansk in
1912, studied at London University, moved to Israel in 1933 and made his
way as a judge here. At his side as a judge is Dr. Benjamin Halevi, born
in Weißenfels an der Saale on May 6, 1910, who graduated magna cum laude
from Berlin University in 1933, has lived here in Israel since November
1933 and has also worked here as a judge. And finally, the third judge
is Mr. Yitzhak Raveh, born in Aurich in East Frisia in 1906, who also
studied at the University of Berlin and Halle. The Attorney General is
Mr. Gideon Hausner, who was born in Poland in 1915, came to Israel in
1927 and began his development as a lawyer here in Israel at the Hebrew
University in Jerusalem and at the Law School in Jerusalem.
After
Adolf Eichmann had been questioned about his personal details, the
reading of the indictment began. And I must tell you, my listeners, that
all journalists, without exception, were deeply moved when listening to
the indictment, and I myself was so moved that I had to relive
everything I had experienced in Auschwitz and Buchenwald in the years
1941 to 45.
Here are the points of the indictment. In the first
point it says: In the period from 1939 to 1944, the accused caused the
killing of millions of Jews in his capacity at that time as commissioner
for the execution of the Nazi plan for the physical extermination of the
Jews, known as the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question".
Immediately after the outbreak of the Second World War, the defendant
was appointed head of a Gestapo department in Berlin, which was tasked
with registering, deporting and exterminating the Jews of Germany and
the other Axis countries and their occupied territories.
It then
goes on to say that in the Axis countries and their occupied territories
the accused made use of the German foreign representations in the
individual places, in constant consultation with the special departments
of the German Foreign Office in Berlin.
This already raises the
first question that is posed in the entire indictment: Where are
Eichmann's accomplices in the dock? Eichmann sits here alone. But he
sits here as a representative of all those who are meant, who are
addressed, who are accused, when the indictment repeatedly states at
each point of the indictment: "Crimes committed by Eichmann and
others". This clearly refers to those diplomats of the Foreign
Office, those ambassadors, envoys and legation secretaries who served
Hitler yesterday and today hold high positions in the Bonn Foreign
Office.
The first point of the indictment culminates in the
statement that all these crimes could only have been committed on the
basis of the Nuremberg Laws. These laws were made to deprive millions of
Jews of their human rights and to murder them. I have said before, my
listeners and friends, that Adolf Eichmann is in the dock, Eichmann and
others are on trial. Who helped write the Nuremberg Laws, who commented
on them? There is one empty seat in the dock. It belongs to Dr. Hans
Joseph Maria Globke, who provided the basis for the crimes of Eichmann
and all the others through his collaboration on the Nuremberg Race Laws,
through his commentary on the Race Laws. He is missing from the dock,
and this is also openly stated here in the courtroom by numerous
journalists from Israel, abroad and also by West German
journalists.
Now, finally, the indictment points to such atrocities
as were made possible precisely on the basis of the decrees drawn up by
Globke. The indictment states, for example: "Since 1942, the
accused, together with others" - Globke's name is missing from the
indictment, but I will mention it here - "ordered measures whose
purpose was to prevent births among the Jews in Germany and in the
territories occupied by him. The defendant's instructions to the head of
the Jewish Council of Elders in the Theresienstadt concentration camp
from 1943 to 44 were concerning the prohibition of births in the camp
and the interruption of pregnancy by artificial abortion in all cases
and at all stages of pregnancy".
After the indictment had been
read, Dr. Servatius rose to challenge the judges as biased. He
explained that the disqualification of a judge could arise if a judge
himself or a member of his family was injured by the acts alleged in the
indictment. Such a presumption is obvious, he said. It arises from the
fact that the entire Jewish people were involved in the catastrophe of
the extermination. And he demanded that either a German or a neutral
court be formed. The simple question arises: who should sit in judgment
of Eichmann? Were not the entire German people, were not all the peoples
of Europe affected by the crimes of Hitler, Himmler and Göring, Speidel
and Heusinger, the "Panzermeyer" [Kurt Meyer] and Kesselring,
Ramcke and what they were all called, were not all peoples affected by
their crimes?
Certainly, there was a small circle that was not
affected. These were the war criminals themselves, whether they had
military ranks or served Hitler in the judiciary, whether their names
were Lautz or Schlegelberger. It may be Dr. Dallinger, who yesterday
worked in the Nazi Reich Ministry of Justice and today has transferred
to the Federal Ministry of Justice in Bonn as a Ministerialrat. It may
be a senior public prosecutor Berner from Karlsruhe, a Dr. Stumpf from
the Federal Labour Court in Kassel or a Senate Councillor Krefeld from
the Senate Administration for Justice in West Berlin, all of whom were
in the Nazi Reich Ministry of Justice yesterday and today hold
responsible posts in the Bonn judiciary.