Source
Source: Krupp Steelworks, Essen. No photographer credited, 1861. Alamy, Image ID: HRP3T0.
Abstract
As seen in this 1861 photograph, smoke emanating from the gigantic smokestacks of the Krupp firm in Essen added to the air pollution that afflicted the Ruhr district in the 19th and 20th centuries—and still does today, despite the advent of the ecological movement in the 1970s, the passing of meaningful environmental protection legislation in the 1980s, and the new political influence of the Green Party since the 1990s.
Krupp Smokestacks in Essen (1861)
Science History Images / Alamy Stock Photo
Further Reading
Franz-Josef Brüggemeier, Das unendliche Meer der Lüfte. Luftverschmutzung, Industrialisierung und Risikodebatten im 19. Jahrhundert. Essen: Klartext, 1996, pp. 300–01.
Klaus Tenfelde, Bilder von Krupp. Fotografie und Geschichte im Industriezeitalter. Munich, 1994.
Recommended Citation
Krupp Smokestacks in Essen (1861),
published in: German History in Documents and Images,
<https://germanhistorydocs.org/en/forging-an-empire-bismarckian-germany-1866-1890/ghdi:image-1332>
[April 24, 2024].