Abstract
To increase the birthrate, the Nazi regime ran a non-stop propaganda
campaign that glorified starting a family and having children. One
manifestation of the Nazi “cult of the mother” was the “Cross of Honor
for the German Mother” (also known as the “Mother Cross”), which the
NSDAP awarded in Hitler’s name to mothers with four or more children.
The Mother Cross was first awarded on Mother’s Day in 1939; that year
alone about 3 million women qualified for the honor, which was supposed
to be awarded only to “genetically fit,” politically reliable, and
socially worthy German mothers. The crosses were awarded according to
the number of children a woman had: bronze (level three) for four to
five children, silver (level two) for six to seven children, and gold
(level one) for eight or more children. Award recipients were chosen on
the recommendation of either the Nazi party or government officials (the
mayor, for example). A number of financial privileges were connected
with this honor, including preferential service when shopping. (The
receipt of a Mother Cross, however, was not tantamount to permanent
recognition. For instance, it could be revoked if a mother ceased to be
“worthy”: if she neglected her children, cheated on her husband, or
exhibited problematic behavior. ) Additional honors were awarded for
other “exceptional birth achievements.” For example, Hitler himself
served as godfather to the tenth child in any family.