As a matter of both social custom and law, the Jewish quarters in most pre-modern European cities were segregated from the surrounding Christian neighborhoods. In addition to dwellings and business office, the Jewish quarter in 17th century Frankfurt included a stockyard. The livestock trade played an important role in Jewish commercial activity. As many sources indicate, farmers generally appreciated the services of Jewish livestock traders, who made essential contributions to the rural economy. Drawing by Peter Becker, 17th century.