On June 2, 1967, students gathered in front of Schöneberg's city hall in West Berlin to protest the Shah of Iran’s state visit to Germany and to speak out against human rights violations in his country. The student demonstrators were physically assaulted by “Persian celebrators” [Jubelperser], among them members of the Iranian secret police. That evening, while the Shah attended a performance of Mozart’s “Magic Flute” at the German Opera, there was another demonstration and the violence escalated. Confrontational police tactics led to violent attacks on demonstrators.