Abstract
This segment from a 1921 weekly newsreel showcased the collection of
factories, offices, and workers’ housing on the western edge of Berlin
known as “Siemensstadt,” an entire urban district created by and for the
massive Siemens electrical concern. The segment lauded Siemens as an
economic engine of the city and a company whose forward-looking
architectural sensibilities reflected its long-term viability. Footage
focused, in particular, on the majestic eighty-meter-high “Siemensturm,”
the “largest electric tower clock in the world,” as one intertitle
emphasized. The clock’s sophisticated design illustrated the company’s
technological prowess, and its imposing visibility suggested the
importance that Siemens’s management placed on timekeeping and
punctuality. The company did not manufacture clocks commercially,
however, and instead focused since its founding in 1847 on an
ever-expanding array of lighting, electrical appliances, and
telecommunications systems, from telegraphs to radio. As Siemens
expanded in the late nineteenth century, it purchased a large piece of
property near Spandau, on the northwestern outskirts of Berlin, as the
new epicenter of the firm’s plants and factories. It also hired
architects to design attractive housing for its employees, which
featured private bathrooms, central heating, and abundant green space,
all of which stood in stark contrast to the grim and overcrowded
working-class tenements in most other factory districts. In 1920, just
one year prior to the making of this newsreel, the German state of
Prussia officially incorporated Siemensstadt into the city of Berlin
proper, as part of its much larger expansion of the city’s boundaries to
create “Groß-Berlin” [Greater Berlin]. Siemensstadt continued to
maintain its own character, though, even as it grew with the city. By
1930, the district had over five hundred housing units, as well as its
own schools, police and fire departments, post offices, churches,
theaters, and recreation centers.