Family of seven in a Biedermeier interior. An “inner” orientation toward the home and family, as opposed to political activism, was the hallmark of bourgeois society in this period, at least until the Revolution of 1848–49. Here, individual family roles are clearly defined: the wife attends to the baby, the head of the family gives the son and heir an encouraging pat on the head, and one of the daughters is busy with her knitting. Watercolor by Friedrich Wilhelm Doppelmayr (1776–1850), c. 1830.