Abstract
This March 1932 newsreel clip reported on a March 6 ceremony in the
Reichstag commemorating the
200th anniversary of U.S.
President George Washington’s birth, including excerpts from speeches
given by Chancellor Heinrich Brüning and U.S. Ambassador Frederic M.
Sackett. For the occasion, organizers prominently placed a bust of
Washington on a pedestal, just behind the speaker’s podium. In addition
to this government-sponsored observance, organizations such as the
Berlin American Chamber of Commerce and the Carl Schurz Society—both of
which emphasized Germany’s shared ties with the United States and sought
to foster closer relations—sponsored various public events and
publications throughout the year. They came at a time when Germany
desperately sought to rekindle its important economic and financial ties
to the U.S., which had frayed as a result of the Great Depression, much
to Germany’s detriment. The events also took on a domestic political
meaning for supporters of Germany’s republic, coming at a time when
their own constitution faced attack from increasingly popular parties on
the far right and far left, especially the NSDAP. By highlighting the
specific German contributions to the development of American democracy,
from Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben’s involvement in the Revolutionary
War to Carl Schurz’s leading role in preserving the Union some four
score and seven years later, these various observances sought to inspire
their audience’s democratic sensibilities. Specific comparisons between
German politicians and George Washington, moreover, had a history in the
Weimar Republic. At an SPD party congress in Heidelberg in September
1925, for instance, Hermann Molkenbuhr drew a direct parallel between
Washington and Friedrich Ebert, Germany’s first president under the
Weimar Republic, who had died just months earlier. The inclusion of this
ceremony in a newsreel in the first place, not to mention the adulatory
close-ups of Washington’s bust that appear throughout the segment, also
represented a determined editorial choice by the newsreel’s production
company, Emelka.