Abstract

The Bundeskriminalamt (BKA; the Federal Bureau of Investigation) has been keeping statistics of right-wing violence since 1990, the year when Amadeu Antonio, a contract worker originally from Angola, was murdered in Eberswalde by a right-wing mob. In 2001, the BKA introduced the category of “Politisch Motivierte Kriminalität” [PMK-Politically Motivated Crime], which also encompasses “PMK-rechts” [politically motivated crime from the right] and “PMK-links“ (politically motivated crime from the left).  Crimes are seen as politically motivated from the right when the cause of the offense is based on völkisch nationalism, racism, social Darwinism or National Socialism. They include violent offenses, such as assault, arson, causing an explosive device to explode, breach of the peace, manslaughter and murder. The majority of PMK crimes are so-called propaganda offenses, violations of sections 86 or 86a of the German Criminal Code, which prohibit the dissemination of propaganda material or the use of symbols of unconstitutional organizations. These cumulative statistics highlight the increase in PMK offenses since the introduction of the category in 2001. This includes the 2020 terrorist attack by a far-right extremist in Hanau who murdered eleven people and injured five in a shooting spree targeting a bar and a kiosk in Hanau, near Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. Although the PMK category is more comprehensive than previous statistics tracking right-wing extremism, anti-racist interest groups such as the Amadeu Antonio Foundation and journalists have pointed out that not all violent crimes committed by right-wing extremists are included in these statistics.

Politically Motivated Crime (2001-2020)

Source

Source: Chart from: Toralf Staud, Straf- und Gewalttaten von rechts: Was sagen die offiziellen Statistiken? Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, November 13, 2018. Available online at, https://www.bpb.de/themen/rechtsextremismus/dossier-rechtsextremismus/264178/straf-und-gewalttaten-von-rechts-was-sagen-die-offiziellen-statistiken/