Abstract
Hitler believed that the catastrophic supply situation during the
First World War had eroded the German people’s will to fight and thus
paved the way for defeat and revolution. Therefore, the pursuit of
National Socialist armament policy was not supposed to affect the
production of foodstuffs and consumer goods. In reality, however,
industries that were important for war efforts quickly got priority over
other production sectors. Contrary to the message sent by the
propagandistic photograph reproduced below, everyday life in Germany
before 1939 had already been characterized by rationing, price
increases, and supply bottlenecks. For example, starting on January 1,
1937, butter, lard, and margarine were rationed. By the beginning of
1939, the consumption of fruit, coffee, eggs, bread, meat, and other
foods was state-regulated. In many places, basic and luxury foods were
only available on the black market, at high prices. After the war began,
the systematic looting of occupied territories helped subsidize the
German people's need for food and consumer goods.