In his rise to power and throughout the Third Reich, Hitler railed against the horrors of Bolshevism or “Jewish Bolshevism.” From 1936 to 1938, the Nazis waged a variety of anti-Bolshevist campaigns, with Hitler, Goebbels and other Nazi leaders denouncing Bolshevism and the Soviet Union at the Nuremberg Party Rallies and in other speeches. Soviet Communism was declared the moral and mortal enemy of National Socialism. These campaigns and related events such as rallies and exhibitions were organized by the party’s central propaganda office based in Munich. This 1937 poster from Karlsruhe advertises an anti-Bolshevist exhibition, which traveled to several major cities. The near constant anti-Bolshevik rhetoric coming from official party sources throughout the period made it all the more shocking to fascists and communists that Hitler and Stalin signed a secret treaty and non-aggression pact in August of 1939. In the end, Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 proved consistent with Nazi attacks on communism, however.