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Chapter 11
The Holocaust
Home
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
Chapter (11/13)
Sources
The American Jewish Committee Assesses the Situation of the Jews in Germany (March 1, 1935, and June 1, 1937)
Viennese Jews are Forced to Scour the Streets (March/April 1938)
Private Home Videos II: Jewish Life in Prewar Europe (1936–39)
Jews in Public Bathing Areas: Letter from the NSDAP in Hesse to the Lord Mayor of Frankfurt (July 27, 1938)
Professor Robert Ritter, Head of the Racial Hygiene Research Center at the Reich Bureau for Health, Collects Data from Sinti and Roma [“Gypsies”] with the Help of the Police (1938)
Polish Jews Assemble in the Center of Nuremberg for Evacuation to the Polish Border (October 28, 1938)
Herschel Grynszpan, Apprehended Shortly after Assassinating Ernst von Rath, the Legation Secretary of the German Embassy in Paris (November 7, 1938)
A Burning Synagogue in a Small Town in Hesse (November 9, 1938)
The Morning after the Night of Broken Glass in Kassel (November 10, 1938)
The Morning after the Night of Broken Glass [Kristallnacht] in Munich (November 10, 1938)
The Morning after the Night of Broken Glass in Zeven (November 10, 1938)
The Morning after the Night of Broken Glass [Kristallnacht] in Regensburg: Jews are Led to the Train Station (November 10, 1938)
Deportation of about 17,000 Polish Jews to the German-Polish Border (December 1, 1938)
Heinrich Himmler, “The Fight against the Gypsy Nuisance” (December 14, 1938)
Table of Colored Classification Symbols for Prisoners in Concentration Camps (c. 1938-1944)
Front and Back Covers of a Compulsory Identification Card for Jews, Issued in Berlin (1939)
Inside of a Compulsory Identification Card for Jews, Issued in Berlin (1939)
The Villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4 (c. 1935)
A Member of the SD Cuts the Beard of a Warsaw Jew (October 1939)
Plundered Jewish Property in Paris (1942–43)
Excerpt from a Training Guide by SS-Sturmbannführer Paul Zapp on the “Jewish Question” (end of 1940)
The Bridge on Kirchenplatz Connecting Two Parts of the Lodz Ghetto (1940/41)
Roma and Sinti Women Weave Reed Mats in the Ravensbrück Concentration Camp (1941)
Diary Entry by Felix Landau, Member of a Mobile Killing Squad (July 12, 1941)
Gathering Point for Jewish Residents of a Bessarabian Village (September 1941)
Ukrainian Jews are Shot by Members of a Mobile Killing Squad [Einsatzgruppe] (1941)
A Jewish Man with the Obligatory Yellow Star on his Coat (November 1, 1941)
Deportation of Stuttgart Jews to Riga, Latvia – Waiting in a Detention Camp on Killesberg Hill, Stuttgart (November 1941)
Major General Walter Bruns’s Description of the Execution of Jews outside Riga on December 1, 1941 (April 25, 1945)
The Lodz Ghetto Jewish Council (1941/42)
Prewar Jewish Life in Warsaw (June 1939)
The Wannsee Protocol (January 20, 1942)
Photo of the Villa at Wannsee 56-58, Location of the Wannsee Conference (January 20, 1942)
Jews Deported from Würzburg (April 25, 1942)
SS Untersturmführer Dr. August Becker to SS-Obersturmbannführer Walter Rauff on the Use of Gassing Vans (May 16, 1942)
Life in the Warsaw Ghetto (c. 1942)
Excerpts from the Warsaw Diary of Ghetto Leader Adam Czerniaków (1942)
A Resident of the Lodz Ghetto is Abused and Humiliated (1942)
Reich Minister of Health Dr. Leonardo Conti Speaks with Hitler’s Personal Physician, Dr. Karl Brandt (August 1, 1942)
Chaim Rumkowski and the Deportation of Children from the Lodz Ghetto (1942)
Children from the Lodz Ghetto are Transported to the Chelmno Death Camp (September 1942)
A View from Paris: Excerpts from the Diary of Hélène Berr (1942-1944)
The Persecution of Jews in Romania: Excerpts from Mihail Sebastian’s Journal (1938–1944)
Execution of Soviet “Partisans” (1942)
Deportation to Theresienstadt: Air Mail Communication Sent through the Foreign Service of the German Red Cross (September 15, 1942)
Mass Execution of Lithuanian Jews by Members of the Wehrmacht and the Lithuanian Self-Protection Unit [Selbstschutz] (1942)
The Experience of Torture: Excerpts from Jean Améry, At the Mind’s Limits (Retrospective Account, 1966)
Statistical Report on the “Final Solution,” known as the Korherr Report (March 23, 1943)
Excerpt from Himmler’s Speech to the SS-Gruppenführer at Posen (October 4, 1943)
Decoded Radio Messages between Ernst Kaltenbrunner (Berlin) and Herbert Kappler (Rome) (October 11, 1943)
Report by Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba, two Escapees from Auschwitz (late April 1944)
Hungarian Jews Arrive at Auschwitz II-Birkenau (May/June 1944)
Hungarian Jews Wait in a Clearing before being led to the Gas Chambers at Auschwitz II-Birkenau (May/June, 1944)
American Aerial Photo of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Camp Complex (Women’s Camp on the Left) (August 25, 1944)
Airtight Containers of Crystals for the Poison Gas Zyklon B, Intended for Use at Auschwitz (undated)
Mountain of Shoes belonging to Murdered Jewish Prisoners at the Lublin-Majdanek Concentration and Extermination Camp (1944)
Liberation from Auschwitz (January 27, 1945)
The Liberation of Bergen-Belsen (April 1945)
Buchenwald on the Day of its Liberation (April 11, 1945)
Civilians Forced to Confront the Realities of Genocide at Buchenwald (April 1945)
Death March from the Dachau Concentration Camp (April 28, 1945)
A Mountain of Glasses from the Victims of Auschwitz (1945)
Images from Karl Höcker’s Auschwitz Album (1944)
Sworn Statement in which Former Reichsbank Employee Albert Thoms Reports on the Bank’s Receipt of Valuables Taken from Death Camp Victims (May 26, 1948)
Military, Foreign Policy, and War
Survival, Resistance and Rescue